Monitoring patient–ventilator interaction by an end-expiratory occlusion maneuver

End-expiratory occlusion maneuver to predict fluid responsiveness in the intensive care unit: an echocardiographic study

BACKGROUND In mechanically ventilated patients, an increase in cardiac index during an end-expiratory-occlusion test predicts fluid responsiveness. To identify this rapid increase in cardiac index, continuous and instantaneous cardiac index monitoring is necessary, decreasing its feasibility at the bedside. Our study was designed to investigate whether changes in velocity time integral and in p...

Maximal expiratory flows generated by rapid chest compression following end-inspiratory occlusion or expiratory clamping in young children.

Partial forced expiratory flow-volume curves obtained by the rapid chest compression technique are being widely used to assess pulmonary function in infants and young children. The aim of this study is to assess whether in this age group flow limitation is achieved with the partial forced expiratory flow-volume curve with rapid chest compression. In eight infants and young children sedated with...

Valsalva maneuver: shortest optimal expiratory strain duration

PURPOSE To quantitate the level of difficulty and determine consistency of hemodynamic responses with various expiratory strain (ES) durations. METHODS Thirty-four healthy subjects performed the Valsalva maneuver (VM) with an ES duration of 10, 12, and 15 seconds in random order. Level of difficulty after each trial was rated 1 to 10, with 10 being the most difficult. Blood pressure and heart...

Analysis of the forced expiratory maneuver.

Positive end-expiratory pressure oscillation facilitates brain vascular reactivity monitoring.

The pressure reactivity index (PRx) identifies optimal cerebral perfusion pressure after traumatic brain injury. We describe a method to improve PRx precision by induced variations in arterial blood pressure (ABP) using positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) modulation (iPRx). Neonatal swine (n = 10) were ventilated with static PEEP and then with PEEP oscillated between 5 and 10 cmH(2)O at a f...